Flying machine



T. VUIA.

FLYING MACHINE.

7 APPLICATION FILED OCT. I9. I920- 1 2,636, r Patented July 25, 1922.

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FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19. I920.

Patented July 25, 1922.

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mama-n VUIA, or e-Aaonns, FRANCE,

FLYING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

assrenoa T0 cams BREDICEAN'U, or rams, FRANCE.

Patented July 25, 1922.

Application filed October 19, 1920. Serial No. 417,943..

This invention relates to a flying machine In. the form of con-j with rotating blades. struct'ion herein described, this machine is operated by acting upon pedals, but it will be understood that the invention can be carried into effect with a mechanical motor. 7

It is known from prior knowledge that for the same motive power, the sustaining effect obtained by rotating blades is greater.

than that of stationary blades, and that the efliciency may be increased, if the blades are superposed in such a manner that the angle of incidence of these blades or the pitch of the helices is less on the suction side'and greater on the discharge side.

Moreover the efficiency may be still further increased if the superposed blades are keyed together in sucha manner that the blade or paddle of the smallest angle of incidence precedes the blade or paddle of the greatest incidence.

The same prior knowledge has shown that the efficiency is increased when the winged load supported by the sustaining surface is reduced. The phenomena is the following:

With the same effort double the load can be supported, if the winged load is four times less. In general the load sustained by the unit of force is inversely in proportion to the square root of the coefficient of increase or decrease of the winged load.

The efficiency thus increases indefinitely if the winged load decreases indefinitely.

It is evident that with sufliciently large carrying surfaces'it is possible to obtain an increase in efficiency such that the flight of an engine with the muscular power of a man, as the motive force, becomes possible.

The efficiency or the load sustained by the unit of force being a function of the carrying surface, it is evident that a machine of the aeroplane type will meet with many mechanical difficulties resulting from the type of machine in order to obtain flight by human agency. It will be seen that the efliciency of rotary blades is a function of the carrying surface; it is also a function the muscular force of a manshafts are inclined in such of the diameter. In a flying machine called an aeroplane flight is obtained by the solution of the analysis of flight of a bird, that is to say that the sustentation and the propulsion are produced by two distinct means. The means which produces the sustentation, for example the fixed planes, may have their surface area increased but the propelling surface can only be increased by increasingits diameter and it is just the diameter of the propeller which it is difficult to increase.

In the machine forming the subject of the present invention it has been endeavoured to effect flight synthetically, that is to say, that the sustentation and the propulsion are op erated. by the same means. These means are composed of one or more pairs of rotary blades disposed symmetrically and turning relatively in opposite directions.

A flying machine according to the invention operated by the muscular power of a man acting upon pedals is described herein-' after with reference to the accompanying. diagrammatic drawings, wherein- Figure 1 isa side elevation.

Figure 2 is a front elevation.

Figure 3 is a plan. and

Figure 4 is a'detail View to a larger scale showing a portion of the transmission gear between the pedal and the shafts of the rotary blades.

\This machine comprises a framework principally composed of vertical members a and horizontal strengthened beams or girders b and c with a landing bogie d and a frame I carrying a guard 0.

' The beams b and 0 serve to support the two shafts e of the rotary blades or surface paddles f of which any suitable member may be provided according to the conditions of construction of the apparatus.

-The shafts e each carry rotary blades of different incidences, according to the principle hereinbefore described, and these a manner that when the blades turn they not only produce a sustaining effort but also a tractive effort.

These two shafts turn in opposite directions relatively one to another. The motive power is furnished by the aviator acting upon pedals k with a chain transmission 11, h. The chain wheel 11. is mounted on a horizontal shaft 8, mounted within the tubular portion of the beam b. This shaft 8 actuates the two shafts e by means of bevel wheels t mounted in small casings g at the ends of the beam 6.

The frame Z serves to support two rudders, a steering rudder m and an elevating rudder it operated in any suitable manner from the pulleys p and 1'.

The whole structure is suitably braced together.

The transmission between the pedals and the shafts a, hereinbefore described may be replaced by other mechanical means and the Whole construction may be modified according as to whether the apparatus is to be driven by human power or by a motor.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent is 1. A flying machine, comprising a framework, a pair of shafts at the opposite ends of said framework, said shafts being slightly inclined forwardly with respect to the vertical, means for rotating said shafts in opof incidence, the blade having the smallest' incidence being on the suction side, and the blade with the greatest incidence being on the discharge side, so that the blades when rotated will produce both a sustaining and a propelling effort, said blades constituting the sole means for propelling and sustaining the flying machine.

TRAJ AN VUIA. 

